Patriot, 1878-03-25

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THE NKW POPE, GlOACHlNO PECCI. I
ELECTED YESTERDAY TO SUCCEED
PIUS IX. ^^^^^^
Proceedings of the Coot-lave of Cardinals—I
Electing the Supreme Pontiff after several;
Ballots "by Adoration"—A victory for the
Moderates,
Rome, Feb. 20.—The operations ofj
the Sacred Conclave culminated in the
ballot taken this morning between 10
and 11 o'clock, in the election of Cardinal Gwachino Pecci, who assumes
the title of Leo XIII. The Conclave's
second ballot was begun at 5 p.m. yesterday. The smoke of tho burning
ballots in this case was not seen until
GJ p.m., showing that the votes were!
much scattored. Tho smoke of burning ballots having been seen at 124 p.m.
to-day, the crowd before the Vatican;
thinking the ballot was again withoutl
result, had almost dispersed, when, at
8£ p.m., Cardinal Caterini appeared in;
the Grand Gallery of the Vatican
Basilica, and announced in the customary formula Cardinal Pecei's succession
to the Papacy. Tho few bystanders
cheered most enthusiastically, and n
large crowd soon assembled, densely
thronging the open space before the
Vatican and the approaches thereto.
At 4£ the newly-elected Pope, sur-
-ounded by all the Cardinals, appeared
in the inner gallery of the Basilica.
The crowd vociferously shouted '0*oiifJlS?S Leopold I., tho then KinL
live the Pone." ^jteergium that tho latter warmly urged
live the Pope. ^B^B^B^B^B^B^B^B^B^_
The Holy Father at length inado a
signal for silence, then intoned the
"lienedicite," and pronounced a benediction. After this the cheering was]
renewed and continued until the Pope
withdrew.
The circumstances of tho election
are as follows: At this morning's
ballot Cardinal Pecci received thirty-
six votes, which was five short of the]
requisite two-thirds majority. When1
the voting was finished and the papers!
were burned, Cardinal Franchi and
those holding the samo views with him
advanced and knelt before Cardinal
Pecci; This example being followed]
by others, Cardinal Pecei's election
was accomplished by the method
know as "by adoration." Count Segur
immediately informed the Pope that
he purposed to present him with onei
million francs as the first donation of
Peter's pence from tho French Episcopate.
As soon as the result of the election
became known, the bells in all the
hurches of Rome were rung, and tbe
diplomats went to the Vatican to congratulate the new Pope.
Tho Cardinals will remain in the
Vatican until to-morrow. Perfect|
orders prevails everywhere
The "Fanfulla" says that Germany
instructed Hohenlohe to declare that
tho election of an irrcconcilablo Pope
would oblige the Government to take
repressive steps immediately, whoreas
a moderate Pontiff could speedily terminate the existing differences. The
"Fanfulla" also says: "The French
Cardinals, contrary to their first declarations, ultimately determined to
unite with the Spanish, Austrian, and
German Cardinals in supporting a
moderate candidate."
Sixty-two Cardinals are in the Con-
da v£—the largest number ever before
present.
London, Feb. 21.—The "Standard's)
rrespondent at Berliu says Prince
Bismarck considers Cardinal Pecei's
election to the Papacy the most suitable
ono possible at the present time.
He was born in Carpiueto, a littlo village in the Pontifical States.- Of a
patrician family, he was early dedicated to the Church, completed his studies
with distinction, attracted the favorable notice oi his superiors, and while
still a very young man he becaruo a
member of the household of Gregory
XVI., receiving the appointments of
domestic prelate and referendary. All
accounts agree that he inspired.the
Pontiff not only with a high opinion
of his abilities, but with a warm fatherly affection, whieh seems to have excited a little jealousy among less favored associates.
Gregory XVI. did not allow the
talents of his favorite to rust iu idleness. Before he had been long in the
household he was sent as Papal Delegate to Bcnevcnto. He acquitted him
self so well in this responsible trust
that he was subsequently sent as Dele-t
gate to Spoleto, and then to Perugia.!
The vigor of his administration, and| I
especially the energy and success with
which ho stamped out the then prevalent pest of brigandage, .are still
gratefully remembered by, the pepple
of Benevento.
Still higher trusts awnited him.   In
I8i3, he was sent as Nuncio to L'rus-
whero ho so endeared himself to
WHO THE NEW PONTIFF'IS.
On March 2  Gioachino Pecci willljexi
celebrate his   iixty-eighth   birt.'.d. ^.*qu
Gregory XVI. to raise the young prelate to tho Sacred College. Tho
Pontiff probably did not require much
urging iu a case whero tho request]
Ijumped so closely with his own inclinations; having already named his
favorite Archbishop of Damitita, and]
assigned him the see of Perugia, hoj
reserved hin in pj'tto, as it is called
—that is, indicated his purpose tb]
give him tho Cardinal's hat at tho next!
suitable opportunity.
The hat was sevon long years in;
coming. Gregory XVI. died in 1846/
leaving this nnd other designs unaccomplished, and a now Pontiff mount-!
[ed the throne. Possibly tho high
favor in which Pecci had stood with
his predecessor did not recommend
bim to Pius IX. it is certain that for
some reason Antonolli whose voice then
as afterward, wa3 potent in tho councils of the Vatican, groatly preferred
Pecei's room to his company. In vain
that faithful friend, Leopold I., pleaded his cause; the Cardinal Secretary
[of Stato turned a deaf ear; and it was
not until December 19, 1853, that
Pecci obtained tho hat which Gregory
XVI. had intended for him in 1846.
How the opposition of Antonelli was
finally overcome, whether this opposition sprang from the politic reluctance]
of an able man to seo the advancement
of a possibly dangerous rival, aro
points that are not likely over to be
cleared up.
Even after his admission to the
Sacred College ho was still kept at a
distance from tho Vatican. Left iu
his Soa of Perugia, ho administered it!
with signal ability. His predecessor
and friend had left all his property to
him, and he made a good use of it.'
His tact was uotably shown when a
fierce quarrol#jroke out between the
Swiss Guards and the Pontifical Zouaves; he kept his head, stayed in his
palace, maintained strict impartiality,!
and restored order. When Cardinal j
I Barn alio died, four years ago, it is said j
'that an English prelate urged that so
lcarcsd a scholar and good n bishop
las Pecci would make au admin
'Profjct of tho Propaganda. " Aniline
llcnbbvsbop. truly," wasthePai,t>ts an
the care of his diocese." More recently, when the death of another Cardinal]
left tho office of Pro-Datario vacant,
the appointment of Pecci seemed sol
inevitable that he weut to Rome and
installed himself in .the Falconieri]
palace; but only to sustain a iresh
disappointment. The place was given
to Cardinal Sacconi.
The death of Antonelli changed all]
this. The long banishment was over,
and Perugia lost its excellent bishop.
The doors of the Vatican at.last fiew]
open to him. Once admitted, he soon
assured his footing, and the venerable
Pius IX. hastened to do justice to his
talents, and to make amends for past
neglect. Of his appointment as
Camerlengo, a correspondent ot the
London "Times" wrote undor date oi
September 25, 1877 :
The telegraph has already made you'
acquainted with tho result of Friday's
Consistory. The Popo had some time
since expressed a wish to fill up the
place of Camerlengo, vacant in consequence of the death of Cardinal De
Angelis, by appointing Cardinal Pecci
to tiro office, which tho Pope's death
might at any time invest with supremo]
importance. It was, however, understood that Pecci had declined the intended honor, pleading reasons which!
seem to have been satisfactory to his!
Holiness. Subsequently -the -Pope's
choice was supposed to have fallen on
Cardinal Panebianco, but it is not]
unlikely that objections arose on the'
part of this prelate also, inasmuch as
it was well known that ho was not
without hope of attaining tho highest
rank in tho -hierarchy at tho next
Papal election, and there are but rare
instances, and none recent, of a Camerlengo—who is looked upon as a Pope
maker, and who exercises tho whole
authority of a Popo during tho interregnum—over obtaining tho votes of
tho Sacred College on his own behalf.
Tho Popo, therefore, went back to his]
former choice, .and overcame Pecei's
resistance to that authority .which
makes any decision of his, whether
springing up spontaneously in his)
mind or adopted at the suggestion of
his secret wirepullers, a law for all hisjj
subordinates, at leasv-during his lifetime. ^^^
In a later lotter (October 30) he
wrote:
Cardinal Pecci, a Roman, born in
1810, has only lately settled in Rome,
having, as I said, been kept away at]
his archdiocese of Porugia by the!
[jealousy of Antonelli. Ho is a man ofj
blameless character, sincerely religi-l
ous, well versed in church matters, of
moderate opinions. His appointment
was one of tho wisest acts of Pius
IX'spontificate,unlossitwassuggested
by a wish to exclude him, as a Liberal,]
from the Papacy—a Camerlengo, as 1
have explained in previous letters,
hardly ever having a chanco of seeur-
j the vote of tho Conclave.
The eleventh Cardinal in tho order
of creation, ho now becomes Pope in
his sixty-eighth year by the suffrages
of tho largest Conclavo of modern
times.
Of tho looks of tho new Pontiff the
readers of Tun Sin can judge for
themselves. It is an intellectual face,
this, and a strong faco iuto tho bargain. About it habitual expression
critics diil'or, somo finding it cold and
Machiavellian, others open, genial
winning...   The      '     '
Cardinal Pecci an ambition as devouring as that of a Richelieu or a Wolsey ;
others, with better opportunities for
forming a correct judgment, dwell
j upon the good-heartedness of the mai
his kindly ways, and his aversion t_
strife. The points ou which all arc
agreed aro that this tall, spare Italian,
with his simple, dignified manners
will look evory inch the Pontiff; tha
he will also be tho PdutiiV, aud uot t
figurehead; and that his election is a
triumph for the party of moderation.
HOW  11E  IMPRESSED   DK.  MCGLTNN.
"Of all the men whom I met during
my recent visit to Rome," said tho
Rev. Dr. McGlynn, tho. scholarly
pastor of St. Stephen's, last evening,
"I felt tha't Cardinal Pecci was best
fitted for the Papal throne; therefore
the announcement of his election gives
mo the very greatest satisfaction,
regard him as a man of intellect
learning, tact, and/dignity, combine-
with amiability and sterling piety.
He was a true priest and a true bishop,
and such a man is required to mako a
true Pope. A true Pope should bo a
true bishop, the temperol power being
merely an official accessory. To-day
the temporal power does not exist,
and tho Popo of to-day must throw
himself upon the hearts.of the people.
Though ajuan of liberality and. tact, I
have ovory reason to beitivo that Leo
XIII. will not sacrifice tho slightest
tittle of right or justice. While ho has
allot' tho essential qualities of a great
Pontiff, he has some of tho minor gifts
that make a personally attractive one.
Ho has a fine presence, a commanding
stature, and exceptional g -ace of bearing. In tho suavity of his manner
and the strength and roso&anco of hi>
voico he groatly resembles Pius IX.
1 surmiso from tho fact that he has
taken the name of Leo XIII., and not
PiusX.,that in more matters of policy,
wherein ho is free, he will not follow
his predecessor too closely. Tho
freedom to exercise his election in following or not following Pius IX.,
however, does not extend to matters
of faith. In selecting his namo it is
probable that Leo XIII.,;was moved
by personal affection for Leo XII., of
whose pontificate ho mult retain a
clonr remembrance. Leo XII, was a
Popo ot ability and character, who was
unfortunately taken too soon from tho
world, dying after a rein of only a few
[years. Other Popes of the namo havo
been highly distinguished in tho Papal
line. Leo X. gave his name to his age,
the age of tho renaissance in art and literature, stimulated mainly by his intelligence and munificence. Leo I., known
as Leo the Great, was ono. of the foremost of the Popes. By his saintly
character, the charm of Jiis inspired
Eloquence, and his pontifical vigor, Leo
I. addod largely to tho lustre of the
Holy Soe, and preserved tho parity of
the Catholic faith from inroads of
heresies supported by tho sophistry of
the subtle Greek and Oriental mind.
The studies of Leo XIII., who is reputed to be a man of wide information,
[doubtless have led him to admiro and
emulate those great personages. . Ho
could hardly havo chosen a more
worthy namesake or model than Leo
the Groat.
It has been a tradition iu tho Church
that tho appointment to the office of
Camerlengo, or Chamberlain of th©
'Holy jftoumn, Church, was substantial-
the saiiro con-l|ly aimutting out of the ap{. ointeo from
the temperamentHthe possibility of an clot;.ion to tbo
d lL-o face. One Papacy. The acceptance Sf tho offico,
,■'.!   ho  suw. iiiiitherefore, by Letf XIII. indicate!,.'that